After his landslide common election victory in 2019, Boris Johnson seemed unassailable as prime minister. 

His majority of 80 marked the top of the parliamentary logjam over Brexit, the Labour Party had collapsed into bouts of infighting and critics inside his personal celebration have been silenced.

The Conservatives had elected him chief months earlier, not as a result of he had demonstrated a specific aptitude for presidency in his earlier roles, however as a result of they thought he might win the place others couldn't - and he delivered in emphatic fashion.

He had wooed voters in elements of the nation the place his celebration had by no means dreamt it potential to win.

The concept Mr Johnson might spend a decade or extra in Downing Street was an actual prospect.

But two and a half years on, it was throughout.

A person whose profession was outlined by surviving scandal towards the chances was introduced down ingloriously.

When the second got here, his fall from energy was as filled with drama and controversy as his ascent.

And but he didn't go away parliament, and even in his Downing Street resignation speech, he left the opportunity of a return hanging as a tantalizing prospect for his allies.

His resolution to step down instantly as an MP appears to have extinguished that prospect.

But solid a watch over Boris Johnson's political historical past, and few would ever say that with 100% certainty.

Read extra:Live updates and reaction to shock departureJohnson stands down as MPWhat led to shock departure?Resignation statement in full

World king

Born in New York in 1964, Alexander Boris de Pfeffel Johnson spent the primary years of his life transferring between international locations together with his household, as his father Stanley pursued a diverse worldwide profession.

At the age of eight, it's stated he declared his ambition was to turn out to be "world king".

Schooled at Eton, he went on to Oxford University in 1983 to check Classics at Balliol College. He grew to become president of the Oxford Union debating society, in addition to a member of the infamous Bullingdon Club.

While in Oxford he met his first spouse, Allegra Mostyn-Owen.

After graduating he started his profession in journalism, becoming a member of The Times as a trainee earlier than being sacked for making up a quote in a narrative.

At 25 he grew to become The Daily Telegraph's Brussels correspondent, making his title as a author with articles questioning and ridiculing legal guidelines and directives from the European Commission.

There have been tales of undersized condoms operating afoul of European guidelines, wonky bananas and bans on prawn cocktail crisps.

Readers of the eurosceptic Telegraph lapped it up at a time when the governments of Margaret Thatcher and Sir John Major have been grappling with the thorny challenge of Europe.

His articles could have stretched the reality, however they've since been credited with revitalising the reason for euroscepticism.

Brussels contemporaries say this era additionally noticed the "Boris act" in full move.

Everything - together with his garments, automotive and flat - have been a large number. But this persona disarmed his rivals, leaving them with their guards down.

"Boris was very clever at creating an image and downplaying expectations so that colleagues thought he was way off-beam, and didn't know what he was doing," The Times journalist Michael Binyon advised Mr Johnson's biographer Sonia Purnell.

"He put rivals off the scent and then would then come up with a cracker of a story."

During his time in Brussels he married his second spouse, Marina Wheeler.

Finding fame

When he returned to London 5 years later, Mr Johnson grew to become an everyday Telegraph columnist and commenced writing for The Spectator.

He made a litany of offensive remarks in these columns that may entice scrutiny as he launched into a political profession.

Mr Johnson referred to "tank-topped bumboys" in a single article, described residents of the Commonwealth as "flag-waving piccaninnies" with "watermelon smiles", and described working-class males as prone to be "drunk, criminal, aimless, feckless and hopeless".

It was round this time that the longer term PM began showing on the BBC's quiz present Have I Got News For You.

The appearances launched him to a wider viewers and is taken into account the start of the "Boris" persona within the minds of the broader public.

In 1999 he assumed the editorship of The Spectator, a job that was given to him by proprietor Conrad Black on the situation that he gave up efforts to enter Parliament.

But two years later he was elected MP for the protected Conservative seat of Henley in Oxfordshire.

Entering the political fray

Despite his designs on increased workplace, Mr Johnson's early time within the Commons left him pissed off and disillusioned.

Labour prime minister Tony Blair had simply recorded the second of his three election victories and his political fortunes had but to be dented by the Iraq War.

The Conservatives have been within the electoral wilderness and going by means of one other management contest after the resignation of William Hague.

Mr Johnson craved energy, however his celebration seemed like it will be out of workplace for years to come back.

He was made shadow arts minister in 2004 by Michael Howard, the chief on the time, his first frontbench position.

But not lengthy afterwards, Mr Johnson was pressured to go to Liverpool and apologise for an editorial in The Spectator that claimed the individuals of the town "wallow" of their "victim status" and incorrectly blamed "drunken fans" for the 1989 Hillsborough catastrophe.

He didn't final lengthy within the shadow cupboard. He was sacked earlier than the yr was out for mendacity about an affair with Petronella Wyatt, a columnist for The Spectator.

In 2005 Mr Johnson resigned as editor of The Spectator after being provided a return to the shadow entrance bench as increased training spokesman by the brand new Conservative chief, David Cameron.

He continued his work as a columnist for The Daily Telegraph.

London calling

By 2007 Mr Johnson had set his sights on the capital, saying he would run for the position of London mayor.

After successful the race to be the Tory candidate to tackle Ken Livingstone in 2008, he triumphed within the mayoral contest with 53% of the vote.

The consequence showcased Mr Johnson's broad electoral attraction and brought on many Conservatives to surprise: If he might beat Labour in London, what might he do throughout the remainder of the nation?

Throughout his time in City Hall, Mr Johnson was considered as a "king over the water" and was a relentless supply of media fascination.

His first time period noticed the departures of a number of senior figures in his administration, whereas he was criticised for his response to the 2011 riots within the capital.

But he gained re-election in 2012, additional burnishing his repute as a possible future occupant of Number 10.

The summer season Olympics within the capital that yr supplied extra publicity for Mr Johnson, which included getting caught on a zipper wire while waving a pair of Union Jacks.

With his consideration turning again to Westminster, Mr Johnson opted to not search a 3rd time period in 2016.

He left City Hall together with his repute intact - a YouGov ballot on the finish of his second time period discovered greater than half of voters thought Mr Johnson had achieved a very good job.

To his legion of critics, Mr Johnson remained all fashion and no substance. A courtroom jester who must be allowed nowhere close to excessive workplace.

But that was precisely the place the formidable Mr Johnson was setting his sights.

Take again management

His return to the Commons as MP for Uxbridge and South Ruislip within the 2015 election sparked hypothesis he was coming for David Cameron's job.

Mr Cameron gained the primary outright Tory majority since 1992 in that yr's election, however he was about to embark on of venture that noticed him out of workplace little greater than a yr later.

Europe had been a headache for successive Conservative prime ministers.

Mr Cameron, who got here to energy in 2010, initially tried to keep away from getting slowed down within the challenge.

But because the eurozone disaster raged, member states pushed for additional integration and immigration elevated, he got here to the view that providing a public vote on Britain's membership of the EU was crucial.

It was a choice his allies have since argued was unavoidable, given the rising energy of UKIP beneath Nigel Farage, who had eurosceptics within the Conservative Party terrified.

His strategy was to aim a renegotiation of Britain's relationship with Brussels after which maintain a referendum.

He obtained his new deal in 2016 and the vote was set for 23 June that yr.

One of the important thing questions was which facet Mr Johnson would come out in favour of.

A declaration for Remain would nearly actually assure victory for the Stronger In marketing campaign.

If he got here out in favour of Vote Leave, nevertheless, all bets have been off.

Mr Johnson opted for the latter - a choice he's stated to have agonised over extensively.

But loads of aspersions have been solid on the motivation of his ultimate resolution.

Many, together with Mr Cameron himself, keep to at the present time that Mr Johnson selected Brexit to assist his profession.

His critics level to the truth that he wrote two variations of his Daily Telegraph column explaining his resolution: one in favour of remaining within the EU and one other backing Vote Leave.

Flanked by Michael Gove, Mr Johnson performed a starring position within the ensuing marketing campaign, urging individuals to vote for Brexit and "take back control".

At the beginning, the obtained knowledge was that Remain would win, however Vote Leave's message struck a chord.

A complete of 52% of voters backed Brexit and a crestfallen Mr Cameron resigned.

As the spearhead of the profitable marketing campaign, Mr Johnson stood on the precipice of energy.

'It can't be me'

Among the checklist of contenders for the Tory crown, Mr Johnson was the clear frontrunner.

Other candidates could have held cupboard positions - like Home Secretary Theresa May, or the previous defence Secretary Liam Fox - however the struggle to be David Cameron's successor was seen as his to lose.

Hours earlier than the formal nominations closed on 30 June 2016, Mr Johnson's marketing campaign organized a news convention.

Journalists and his MP supporters gathered in a London resort reception room, anticipating a speech about how he supposed to form the UK's post-Brexit future. Nobody anticipated to listen to what got here subsequent.

He started by setting out what he described as "the agenda for the next prime minister of this country".

He then added: "Having consulted colleagues, and in view of the circumstances in parliament, I have concluded that person cannot be me."

That sentence despatched shockwaves by means of Westminster.

Mr Johnson's prospects had been dealt a devastating blow by the person who was till that time the chair of his marketing campaign - Michael Gove.

Mr Gove stated he had "reluctantly" come to the view "Boris cannot provide the leadership or build the team for the task ahead", earlier than launching his personal unsuccessful management bid.

A fantastic workplace of state

Less than a month after Mr Johnson pulled out of the competition, Mrs May was sworn in as the brand new Tory chief and prime minister.

Having campaigned for the UK to stay within the EU, she was decided to show her dedication to delivering the referendum and proceeded to nominate key Brexiteers to her cupboard.

To the shock of many, this resulted in Mr Johnson changing into international secretary.

His interval in one of many nice places of work of state was marred with a collection of controversies.

He in contrast the French president to a Nazi jail guard for his stance on Brexit, and was accused of insensitivity after reciting a colonial-era Rudyard Kipling poem, which included the road "come you back you English soldier", whereas visiting some of the holy websites in Myanmar, a former British colony.

But probably the most critical error throughout his time on the Foreign Office associated to Nazanin Zaghari-Ratcliffe, a British-Iranian lady imprisoned in Iran.

At a parliamentary choose committee in 2017, he condemned her conviction for espionage however added that she was "simply teaching people journalism" - one thing her household stated was completely unfaithful.

The remark resulted in Ms Zaghari-Ratcliffe's jail sentence being prolonged. Her household have by no means forgiven Mr Johnson for the error.

Analysis:Rage-fuelled parting shot is admission he's not coming back

Chuck Chequers

Throughout his time as international secretary, Boris Johnson made it clear he favoured a more durable break from the European Union than some others in authorities have been pushing for.

Mrs May's try and discover a place that unified her warring cupboard occurred at Chequers - the prime minister's grace and favour retreat - on 6 July 2016.

Ministers have been locked away within the Buckinghamshire countryside with out cellphones, as Mrs May outlined her proposal for a "common rulebook" for items to take care of an open border on the island of Ireland.

That night Mrs May ultimately emerged to declare the Cabinet had agreed to her proposals, however the place didn't maintain.

Two days later David Davis, then the Brexit secretary, resigned. Boris Johnson did the identical the next day.

From that time on Mr Johnson grew to become one in every of Mrs May's most vocal critics - stealing the highlight from the prime minister on the Conservative Party convention in Birmingham later that yr by holding a fringe rally beneath the slogan "Chuck Chequers".

He was one of many military of Tory rebels who twice voted down Mrs May's Brexit proposals in parliament, voting in favour solely on the third time of asking in March 2019, as soon as the prime minister had already pledged to face down if Parliament authorised her plan.

Despite his backing, the proposals have been defeated as soon as once more. Unable to win the assist of her backbenchers, or dealer a take care of Jeremy Corbyn's Labour Party, Mrs May resigned - formally triggering the management contest Mr Johnson had already been engaged in for months.

Back Boris

The struggle to exchange Mrs May in Number 10 ended up in a head-to-head contest between Jeremy Hunt, then the international secretary, and Mr Johnson.

The latter's promise to ship Brexit, even with no commerce take care of the EU, grew to become the dividing line - and when the outcomes got here on 23 July 2019, 66% of the Conservative Party members who had solid a vote did so for Mr Johnson.

His victory was welcomed by US President Donald Trump, who advised reporters he was a "really good man", labelling him "Britain Trump."

In a speech on the steps of Downing Street, the brand new prime minister stated he would show the "the doubters, the doomsters and the gloomsters" flawed, and ship Brexit "no ifs, no buts".

After his speech, Mr Johnson walked by means of the entrance door of Number 10 to the applause of the workers who had gathered inside. Standing on the fringe of the doorway corridor, sporting a gray T-shirt relatively than a go well with, was the person Mr Johnson had persuaded to turn out to be his key adviser - the controversial former director of the Vote Leave marketing campaign, Dominic Cummings.

Get Brexit Done

The prime minister could have modified, however the parliamentary numbers had not - Mr Johnson inherited the identical political quagmire that had dragged down his predecessor.

Teaming up with Mr Cummings, nevertheless, Mr Johnson launched into a marketing campaign of dramatic confrontation in a bid to ship his core pledge.

In late August 2019 he requested the Queen to prorogue parliament - which means the Commons wouldn't sit for five weeks between 9 September and 14 October. The deadline for the top of the UK's Brexit negotiations with the EU was 31 October.

Mr Johnson argued this was to permit his authorities to set out a brand new legislative agenda in a Queen's speech, however his critics have been having none of it - accusing him of making an attempt to silence opponents of a no-deal Brexit by shutting down parliament.

In the few days earlier than the prorogation would take impact, the fightback from MPs who opposed the PM was swift and unprecedented.

With ranks of Tory rebels swelling, backbenchers exploited the absence of a authorities majority and voted to take management of the order of enterprise within the Commons.

Twenty-one Conservative MPs who had backed the transfer have been instantly expelled from the celebration - together with Winston Churchill's grandson, Sir Nicholas Soames and the previous chancellor Philip Hammond.

The passing of the Benn Act, nicknamed the "Surrender Act" by Mr Johnson, compelled him to request an extension of Brexit talks past the 31 October deadline.

Despite saying he would relatively be "dead in a ditch" than delay the UK's departure any additional, the request was ultimately despatched and authorised by the EU - a brand new deadline was set for the 31 January 2020.

Mr Johnson's strategy suffered one other blow later that month, when the Supreme Court dominated the prorogation of Parliament had been illegal.

As MPs rushed again to the chamber in Westminster, the prime minister goaded them to finish the deadlock by backing his demand for an early common election.

It took 4 makes an attempt over a number of weeks for MPs to agree, however on 30 October Mr Johnson lastly obtained his want - simply three months into his premiership a date was set for the primary December election since 1923.

"It's time for the country to come together, get Brexit done and go forward," Mr Johnson stated.

Landslide victory

Describing a draft withdrawal plan as an "oven-ready deal", the prime minister set out on the marketing campaign path with the straightforward message he had been repeating within the months beforehand - vote for him to "get Brexit done".

The consequence was the biggest Commons majority since 2001 - the 364 seats gained by the Conservatives was the best since Margaret Thatcher.

"We broke the deadlock, we ended the gridlock, we smashed the roadblock," the prime minister stated.

Just weeks after the nation had gone to the polls, parliament lastly authorised the Withdrawal Agreement.

The UK formally left the European Union on 31 January 2020, getting into a transition interval that may final till 31 December 2020.

Pandemic

At the beginning of 2020 it appeared possible the negotiations to safe an EU commerce deal earlier than the top of that transition interval could be a dominant characteristic of the yr.

Either that, or the yr was set to be outlined by a brand new bullish strategy from the omnipotent Mr Johnson.

A shock reshuffle resulted in Chancellor Sajid Javid quitting his put up relatively than settle for advisers appointed straight by Number 10. His alternative, Rishi Sunak, was unknown to all however probably the most targeted Westminster-watchers.

And on prime of that there was a love story - with the prime minister saying his engagement to former Conservative Party communications aide Carrie Symonds, who was pregnant together with his youngster.

But on 23 January Chinese authorities put a complete metropolis in Hubei province into whole lockdown.

The actions in Wuhan have been in response to an outbreak of a brand new extremely contagious respiratory virus.

Mr Johnson's preliminary strategy to the COVID-19 pandemic was to guarantee the British public the federal government was properly ready for such conditions, and that contingencies have been in place.

As the virus unfold, Mr Johnson continued to lace his public well being messages with positivity - saying even at first of March 2020 that he continued to shake fingers with all people, and had achieved so even at a hospital treating coronavirus sufferers.

But the tone quickly modified. At a Downing Street press briefing on 9 March he acknowledged the dimensions of what was coming, warning "many more families will lose loved ones before their time".

In the times that adopted restrictions elevated, faculties closed, bars and eating places have been ordered to close till on the 23 March 2020, the prime minister gave the nation what he stated was a "very simple instruction - you must stay at home".

Less than every week after the primary nationwide lockdown was imposed Downing Street introduced Mr Johnson had himself examined optimistic.

On 6 April the Queen gave an emergency speech to the nation, ending her tackle with the phrase "we will meet again".

But hours after that tackle, Downing Street introduced the prime minister had been taken to hospital. First Secretary of State Dominic Raab was appearing as stand-in prime minister.

Initial reviews prompt Mr Johnson's admission to hospital was a "precautionary measure", however the next day it was confirmed had been moved to an intensive care unit.

In interviews he gave after his restoration he revealed docs had been contemplating whether or not to intubate him, and prompt his state of affairs was so grave that in Number 10 preparations have been being in put in place for find out how to announce his dying.

Barnard Castle

As Mr Johnson recuperated and frolicked together with his new son Wilfred - who had been born days after he was launched from hospital - a recent scandal emerged that was to show vital to his premiership and make his chief adviser a family title.

On 23 May 2020 The Guardian and the Daily Mirror reported that police had spoken to Mr Cummings a couple of potential breach of lockdown guidelines.

It transpired that shortly after he had been pictured speeding out of Downing Street on the finish of March, at precisely the time Mr Johnson had examined optimistic, Mr Cummings had travelled to County Durham - apparently breaching the "stay at home" steering to self-isolate with COVID exterior London.

Mr Cummings has since stated the choice was associated to a safety threat confronted by his household, however this was not disclosed when public outrage over the reviews resulted in him having to carry a news convention within the Downing Street backyard to defend himself on 25 May.

Despite the anger of lots of his personal MPs at Mr Cummings' declare that he had pushed to Barnard Castle to check his eyesight, the PM selected to again his adviser - expending vital political capital within the course of.

Cancelling Christmas

The Barnard Castle affair had a long-lasting affect, however because the months went on the federal government's COVID restrictions have been regularly eased and the news agenda shifted focus to the gradual easing of restrictions.

National measures have been changed with regional tiers, and the prime minister promised a "significant return to normality by Christmas".

But as summer season turned to autumn, circumstances started to rise as soon as once more and after initially pushing again towards calls from scientific advisers to institute a two-week "circuit-breaker" lockdown in October, Mr Johnson lastly ordered a month-long lockdown in November - seen by many as an try to save lots of Christmas.

It was presently that Mr Cummings and his shut ally Lee Cain, Mr Johnson's director of communications, left their roles - the results of what was described as energy battle in Number 10 wherein a gaggle of advisers loyal to the prime minister's spouse got here out on prime.

The dramatic departure of Mr Cummings, who was pictured leaving Downing Street clutching a field of his belongings on 14 November, marked the beginning of latest section in Mr Johnson's premiership - one wherein those that had as soon as been instrumental to the ruthless politics of his first months in energy turned the main focus of their ire in direction of him.

But because the November lockdown got here to an finish the importance of that second had but to turn out to be clear.

The restrictions that had been imposed appeared to have introduced circumstances down in most elements of the nation, however the knowledge confirmed they'd remained stubbornly excessive in Kent.

On 15 December 2020, Health Secretary Matt Hancock introduced a brand new pressure of the virus had been detected.

The Kent variant, extra not too long ago known as Delta, triggered a surge of circumstances that put the NHS beneath extraordinary strain and compelled the prime minister to impose additional extreme restrictions for the Christmas interval and all through the primary few months of 2021.

Vaccine increase

Almost a yr after COVID-19 had first emerged, the return to a protracted and strict lockdown elevated the scrutiny of the federal government's dealing with of the pandemic.

Pressure grew on the federal government to announce a public inquiry could be held to look at potential failings.

But amid all this, the central supply of hope for Boris Johnson was the promise that vaccinations provided.

On 8 December, 90-year-old Margaret Keenan from Coventry had turn out to be the primary particular person on the planet to obtain a Pfizer/BioNTech jab exterior a medical trial.

In the months that adopted the NHS mounted a mass vaccination programme that may rival most international locations on the earth, with vaccines authorised and rolled at a tempo that even the opposition events welcomed.

It was a political saviour for Mr Johnson, approaching prime of a final minute commerce take care of the EU agreed days earlier than the christmas 2020 deadline - his celebration's ballot ranking started to surge above the Labour celebration.

By the time the Conservative Party convention occurred in Manchester within the autumn of 2021, Mr Johnson gave the impression to be as soon as once more king of all he surveyed - at the very least, that is what the polling prompt.

Scandals mount

But all through the pandemic numerous points across the probity of his personal behaviour and that of his authorities had nonetheless garnered consideration.

There have been questions over who paid for his vacation to Mustique in early 2020. Questions too over who paid for the costly refurbishments to his Downing Street flat. Questions over the best way wherein contracts have been awarded on the top of the pandemic, and whether or not Tory donors and associates got preferential remedy.

These tales bubbled up and light, however by no means completely went away.

There have been rising questions as properly from these inside his personal celebration about how Mr Johnson was dealing with a complete vary of different issues: from queues at petrol stations and shortages of lorry drivers, to choosing fights he was unlikely to win on free college meals, to surging migrant crossings throughout the channel and tax rises to pay for the NHS backlog and social care - all of that towards the backdrop of inflation, with costs rising in every single place.

His resolution to demand his celebration vote towards the suspension of fellow Brexiteer and former cupboard minister Owen Paterson, who had breached paid lobbying guidelines, brought on outrage - prompting an embarrassing U-turn and apology.

With every mishandling, additional questions have been raised over Boris Johnson's judgment and his fashion of management.

Partygate

The public expertise of the sacrifices, tragedies and missed alternatives brought on by the pandemic had engendered a way of shared nationwide responsibility and duty - one thing which Mr Johnson had actively inspired by telling individuals the lack of their very own freedoms would "save lives and save the NHS".

Anything suggesting that the individuals who had been making these guidelines had not gone by means of that very same expertise hit public opinion like salt on an open wound.

Mr Johnson had a style of this potential for public fury throughout his resolution to defend Mr Cummings over his go to to Barnard Castle again in April 2020.

He noticed it once more in the summertime of 2021 when his preliminary resolution to face behind Mr Hancock backfired, ensuing within the former well being secretary having to stop after being uncovered for having an affair with an aide in his ministerial workplace.

All the warning indicators have been there.

But when reviews started to emerge of pandemic events going down in Downing Street and in Whitehall, all at occasions when the remainder of the nation have been unable to do something of the kind, he and his group repeatedly denied any wrongdoing.

When photographs, video and emails started to floor that contradicted these denials Mr Johnson responded first by repeating the denial.

His former press secretary Allegra Stratton was the one workers member to resign, after a video was obtained by ITV News displaying her joking a couple of celebration in Downing Street that was held in December 2020.

Mr Cummings threw gas on to the fireplace with weblog articles and Twitter posts crammed with revelations concerning the issues he had seen in Number 10 that contradicted the prime minister's account.

Eventually Mr Johnson discovered himself unable to keep away from an apology for having attended at the very least a type of occasions himself.

He delivered it with uncharacteristic contrition within the Commons on 12 January this yr, however even then his regret got here with the excuse that, so far as he was conscious, the rules had all the time been adopted.

The investigation by senior civil servant Sue Gray purchased him time to aim to restore the injury with extra public apologies, and extra behind-the-scenes manoeuvres to reassure his restive backbenchers that he would get a grip.

More time was purchased on account of the choice by the Met Police to research the occasions in Downing Street and Whitehall - forcing a delay to the publication of the Gray report.

Days after the power launched its investigation probe, Russia invaded Ukraine - shifting the main focus away from partygate and leaving many earlier critics of the PM altering their minds on the timing of any efforts to oust him.

The Ukraine disaster dulled the sense of jeopardy to such a level that even the news that Mr Johnson and his spouse had been issued a set penalty discover for celebrating his birthday within the cupboard room throughout lockdown didn't create a way his downfall was imminent.

When the Gray report was lastly printed in full on 25 May, there was a way in Number 10 that the prime minister had been vindicated.

While the criticism of management was damning, he argued he had already handled the issues recognized by altering the personnel in his prime group - bringing in a brand new chief of workers, a brand new director of communications and staging a mini-reshuffle.

While the small print of the brawls and drunkenness have been stunning, these round Mr Johnson appeared assured he had not been personally implicated in any deadly sense.

Confidence vote

But simply over every week after the publication of the Gray report, it appeared issues could have been coming to a head.

On a Monday morning at first of June, Sir Graham Brady, chairman of the 1922 committee of backbench Tory MPs, introduced that sufficient letters of no confidence had been obtained to set off a vote on the prime minister's management.

The revolt he confronted was bigger than that suffered by Theresa May in December 2018, but he survived. His cupboard stood by him and Mr Johnson made clear he was not inclined to need to bow to strain.

The absence of a transparent successor and the warnings concerning the dangers of adjusting chief within the midst of a price of residing disaster and a struggle appeared to resonate simply sufficient to win and safe what ought to have been immunity from problem for 12 months.

But two dramatic by-election defeats in Tiverton and Honiton and in Wakefield demonstrated the general public at massive have been much less persuaded in Mr Johnson's management.

Losing to Labour within the type of northern seat so very important to his majority, and shedding to the Liberal Democrats in one in every of his celebration's most secure seats, crystallised the seriousness of the state of affairs.

Party chairman Oliver Dowden resigned within the early hours of the morning because the outcomes got here in. In his letter to the prime minister he stated "we cannot carry on with business as usual".

There was a lot hypothesis that extra of the cupboard might comply with - however they didn't.

Downfall

Instead, the catalyst for the prime minister's downfall got here not from law-breaking events in Downing Street or the devastating by-election losses, however from an incident that occurred in a non-public members' membership in St James'.

Last Thursday night it emerged Chris Pincher had resigned as deputy chief whip, writing to the PM saying he had "drunk far too much" the evening earlier than.

It was swiftly reported that Mr Pincher was accused of groping two males on the Carlton Club, in full view of quite a few Tory MPs.

In the times that adopted, Downing Street's account of what Mr Johnson knew about allegations round Mr Pincher modified repeatedly.

Ministers have been left embarrassed by being despatched out to do media interviews, pushing the federal government line, solely to seek out they'd been misled by Number 10 - and finally Mr Johnson.

The state of affairs unravelled. Though many of the cupboard remained initially loyal, the resignations of Chancellor Rishi Sunak and Health Secretary Sajid Javid prompted a wave of exits from extra junior ranks in authorities.

The velocity with which the state of affairs grew to become untenable was dizzying - most clearly for Mr Johnson himself as he gave the impression to be nearly in denial as his premiership fell aside round him.

Few politicians would have been within the place he was and nonetheless remained resolute that they might proceed. It was the chutzpah and self-certainty that maybe explains the extraordinary story of his rise to energy.

But this time, the political magic didn't work. The mischievous, blundering, charismatic persona that had as soon as been his energy had turn out to be a weak spot within the eyes of his MPs. Boris Johnson was not seen because the winner the Conservative Party had elected him to be.

Cincinnatus backs Truss

Some had anticipated Mr Johnson to make a swift departure from the backbenches after leaving Downing Street for the ultimate time.

Instead, he stayed on, backing Liz Truss within the management marketing campaign over the summer season earlier than he left Number 10 - his resentment and hostility in direction of Rishi Sunak an open secret in Westminster.

But when he gave his ultimate speech earlier than heading to Balmoral to tender his resignation to the Queen, he used a classical reference that alluded to the chance he would possibly but return.

Promising his "most fervent support" to his successor Liz Truss, Mr Johnson compared himself to Cincinnatus, who was made dictator in 458 BC to steer the battle towards an invasion earlier than returning to his farm.

In doing so he grew to become well-known for resisting the temptation to hold on to energy or meddle in politics.

And but, in accordance with custom, Lucius Quinctius Cincinnatus later returned to serve a second time period.

It was sufficient of a touch to maintain his key allies in parliament hopeful that such a comeback could be potential.

So when Liz Truss's premiership collapsed after simply 44 days, there was a clamour that he throw his hat again within the ring.

Mr Johnson had been on holiday in the Dominican Republic when his successor introduced her resignation, however wasted no time letting it's recognized he was taking soundings - even telling an ally he was "up for it" and "I'm going to do it".

Mr Johnson's return flight to Gatwick Airport in financial system alongside his spouse and youngsters was seen as a positive signal he was able to have a tilt on the management he had solely simply relinquished.

But it was to not be.

After the mad sprint again from the Caribbean, a flurry of canvassing, secret summits with rivals Rishi Sunak and Penny Mordaunt, and a big pro-Johnson air struggle marketing campaign, Boris Johnson introduced shortly earlier than 9pm on a Sunday night he was not going to go for being PM once more in any case.

As Sky's political editor Beth Rigby put it: "It was the most Boris Johnson way of admitting defeat: I am a winner who could deliver a Conservative victory in 2024, I have the numbers (he claimed 102 supporters), I could do it if I wanted to, but now is not the time."

Privileges Committee proof

As he remained on the backbenches whereas his former chancellor Rishi Sunak took the reins in Number 10, the scandal that had ended his personal premiership hung over him.

The privileges committee's investigation into whether or not he knowingly misled parliament had been occurring for months, however it got here to a climax in March when Mr Johnson gave proof in particular person.

His purpose was to influence the committee towards recommending a 10-day lengthy suspension which might carry with it the potential of a by-election in his marginal constituency of Uxbridge and South Ruislip - a transfer that would have seen Mr Johnson ousted by his voters.

This week he obtained its findings, and was given two weeks to reply earlier than the conclusions have been made public.

Respond he did, however by quitting parliament altogether.

Whether he was jumping before he was pushed, or just deciding to dwell to struggle one other day - it brings to a detailed some of the tumultuous of political careers.