British corporations are exporting lots of of hundreds of thousands of kilos of kit and equipment which just about definitely leads to Russia, undermining the official sanctions regime and bolstering Vladimir Putin's conflict machine, in response to knowledge evaluation from Sky News.

The gadgets - which embody drone tools, optical provides and heavy equipment - are being despatched to international locations within the Caucasus and Central Asia, together with Kyrgyzstan, Armenia, Uzbekistan and others, from the place they're understood to be forwarded on to Russia.

Ukraine war latest: Russia hits out at UK after prison bosses sanctioned over Navalny death

The numbers present that regardless of the sharp fall within the stream of products to Russia, following the imposition of commerce sanctions after its invasion of Ukraine two years in the past, massive volumes of delicate, "dual use" British items are nonetheless discovering their solution to Moscow.

The evaluation underlines the dimensions of Britain's participation in a shadow financial system which helps maintain Russia's army equipped with components and {hardware} for the weaponry it makes use of towards Ukraine

Flows of British items to Russia itself have fallen by 74% for the reason that outbreak of conflict, following the imposition of sanctions. The overwhelming majority of exports nonetheless flowing to Russia are meals, medical merchandise or different humanitarian gadgets.

Flows of heavy equipment, electrical tools and vehicles have dropped to almost zero.

Those figures indicate the sanctions regime has been extremely profitable, and certainly, a authorities spokesperson stated: "We have implemented the most severe package of economic sanctions ever imposed on a major economy."

However, nearer examination of Britain's official commerce statistics gives another prism.

They present that whereas UK exports to Russia have fallen sharply, UK exports to a collection of former Soviet satellite tv for pc states - from Uzbekistan to Georgia - have risen at an unprecedented fee.

British exports to Kyrgyzstan, the small former Soviet satellite tv for pc state, have risen at a breakneck fee, by over 1,100%. These exports are dominated by the heavy equipment and autos which may now not be despatched on to Russia.

A Europe-wide downside

According to Robin Brooks, former chief economist of economic physique the IIF, that is one thing which has been occurring for a while, with different European international locations, most notably Germany and Poland, additionally sending massive portions of {hardware} to Russia by way of these Caucasus and Central Asian states.

"They're clearly getting an order from somewhere that is a Russian satellite that happens to be domiciled in one of these Central Asian countries," he stated.

"What happens then? Maybe there's plausible deniability, maybe they know... all we know for sure is that the rise in export volumes that is happening is completely insane, and is inconsistent with any underlying data in these countries.

"So the one affordable rationalization is: Russia.

"From the Western European and especially the EU side, I would say, this has been going on for a while. It is at this point widely known in Brussels, and I think there is a key question as to why nothing is being done at a central EU level to stop this?"

British officers argue that they're always trying to tighten the UK sanctions regime. A spokesperson instructed Sky News: "We also recently announced the creation of a new Office of Trade Sanctions Implementation to strengthen our enforcement of sanctions.

"Any non-compliance with these powerful sanctions is a severe offence and punishable by massive monetary penalties or felony prosecution."

Exports to other Russia-adjacent states

However, the scale and breadth of the trade is striking. UK export volumes haven't just spiked to Kyrgyzstan. They are also up nearly as sharply to Armenia, which, according to Mr Brooks, has recorded a sharp increase in its onward goods exports to Russia.

Doubly worrying is the truth that among the many items being despatched to those international locations are vital portions of things thought-about "dual use" - which might be repurposed into weaponry.

Found in battlefield stays of Russian weapons

The European Union has an inventory of 45 classes of products - "common high priority items" as they name them - which have been present in battlefield stays of Russian weapons.

Sky News evaluation reveals that British exports to 4 Caucasus and Central Asian states of those items, which have been documented as getting used to kill Ukrainian residents - have risen by over 500% for the reason that outbreak of conflict.

The evaluation reveals that by far and away the most important class of products being despatched to those 4 Caucasus and Central Asian nations was "parts of aeroplanes, helicopters or unmanned aircraft" - in different phrases, tools which can be utilized to make drones and different aeronautic models.

British corporations have exported £6m price of those items to the 4 international locations, above what they traditionally are likely to export to them.

Other gadgets being despatched by UK exporters embody knowledge processing machines, aeronautic navigation tools and radio navigation aids.

According to Tom Keatinge of RUSI: "It's absolutely a red flag if you're producing that kind of equipment... and you've got this big spike in exports to Kyrgyzstan.

"You've absolutely bought to cease and ask your self: why is that? Am I not directly resourcing the Russian army? And clearly you do not wish to be doing that. And certainly, in doing that, you are in all probability in breach of sanctions.

"The tragedy is that whenever the Ukrainians dissect a drone, or a cruise missile or communications equipment that they get their hands on, there are components in those bits of equipment that come from the EU, that come from the UK and come from the US, and have been manufactured since February 2022.

"So these are recent exports, these are usually not legacy exports."