Scientists have found an enormous ring-shaped construction in outer house – and it is so huge that it challenges our present understanding of the universe.

Dubbed the Big Ring, the ultra-large construction has a diameter of 1.3 billion light-years and a circumference of 4 billion light-years, making it roughly 15 instances the dimensions of the Moon, as seen within the evening sky from Earth.

The construction is made up of galaxies and galaxy clusters and is the second of such an enormous dimension to be recognized by Alexia Lopez, a British PhD pupil.

She additionally discovered the Giant Arc - a construction spanning 3.3 billion light-years - three years in the past.

Ms Lopez, who research on the University of Central Lancashire, mentioned: "Neither of those two ultra-large constructions is straightforward to clarify in our present understanding of the universe.

"And their ultra-large sizes, distinctive shapes, and cosmological proximity must surely be telling us something important - but what exactly?"

The findings, offered by Ms Lopez on the 243rd assembly of the American Astronomical Society (AAS), seem to problem a key cosmological precept which states that on a big scale, the universe ought to look roughly the identical all over the place.

The common consensus is that enormous constructions within the universe are shaped by way of a course of often called gravitational instability.

This course of has a dimension restrict of roughly 1.2 billion light-years as something bigger wouldn't have had sufficient time to type.

Ms Lopez mentioned: "Both of these structures are much larger - the Giant Arc is almost three times bigger and the Big Ring's circumference is comparable to the Giant Arc's length.

"From present cosmological theories, we did not suppose constructions on this scale had been attainable."

The data being analysed is "so far-off that it has taken half the universe's life to get to us," she added.

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Large constructions have additionally been found by different cosmologists.

The greatest single entity scientists have recognized is a supercluster of galaxies - the Hercules-Corona Borealis Great Wall - which is roughly 10 billion light-years extensive.

The Big Ring seems as an virtually good circle within the sky, however Ms Lopez's evaluation suggests it has extra of a corkscrew form with its face aligned with Earth.